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Espresso MachinesBaristas are trained in the art of making the perfect espresso. It requires a lot of patience and practice and is not easy to master. However, there is an easier way. An espresso machine. Espresso machines make espresso a much simpler beverage to create by controlling the temperature precisely.
There are several different types of espresso machines available, each functioning in a different manner. There are piston-driven espresso machines, semi-automatic machines, and automatic espresso machines.
In the Beginning
Espresso came into being when people were looking for a quicker way to make their coffee. In Italy, around 1901, Luigi Bezzera found a way to make hot pressurized water and its steam push through a bed of finely ground coffee. The result was a quick, individual cup of highly concentrated coffee that came to be known as espresso. Bezzera acquired a patent for his machine and in 1903 these first espresso machines were sold in Europe.
These machines were not easy to use. There was no consistency to the espresso produced because the temperature and steam were controlled by the operator, leaving room for a large amount of diversity in the resulting beverages.
In 1935 Illy invented a coffee maker that used compressed air instead of steam, thus solving the problem of exploding espresso makes. His machine gave a more favorable, stable result.
The lever action espresso machine was invented by Achille's Gaggia in 1945 and still today bears his name. Both the Illeta and Gaggia versions of espresso machines are available on the market today.
Illy continued to expand and simplify his espresso machine by combining the best parts of other makers.
Various Types of Espresso Machines
Piston Driven Espresso Machines
Piston-driven espresso machines are more authentic than any other espresso machine. It is the most primitive of the espresso machines. Designed in Italy in 1945, this design requires strong arms to make the espresso.
The piston-driven espresso machine uses a lever that is pumped by the operator to force pressure onto hot water, driving it through the coffee grinds. This pulling down of the handle is how the term 'pulling a shot' came into being. The piston driven espresso is also how the crema came to be a part of espresso.
Espresso drinkers who also value authenticity tend to opt for the piston-driven machine. Otherwise you can usually find them as part of a display. Advancements in technology that brought the semi-automatic and the automatic espresso machine made the piston-driven machine obsolete.
Semi-Automatic and Automatic Espresso Machines
Semi-automatic espresso machines are hard to find due to the advanced popularity of fully automatic espresso machines.
Semi-automatic espresso machines and automatic espresso machines both have the hot water delivered using a pump system. However, in a semi-automatic machine the bean grinding, preparing and placing in the machine are all done by hand.
Automatic and super automatic espresso machines require that you only put the beans in. The machine measures the water, regulates the temperature and even grinds the beans to make the espresso. Many true espresso enthusiasts believe that the quality of the espresso is lost in the automation.
Commercial or Home Use
In addition to the types of espresso machines are the uses for the machine. If the espresso machine is intended for home use then the cost is going to be decreased significantly. For commercial use, the cost can skyrocket.
Home espresso makers should be purchased with longevity in mind. The purchaser should have an idea of how often it will be used. If it is going to be used a lot, a low end commercial maker might be a better choice. For occasional use, a home espresso maker will suffice.
Commercial espresso makers can be plumbed to a water source or be manually filled - another cost to consider when looking into espresso makers. The more automated the machine the higher the cost.
Espresso makers come in a variety of types and sizes, all designed to prepare the very best espresso possible. When deciding on an espresso maker care should be taken to get the one that best serves the intended purpose.
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Fat Land: How Americans Became the Fattest People in the World
by Greg Critser |  | What in American society has changed so dramatically that nearly 60 percent of us are now overweight, plunging the nation into what the surgeon general calls an "epidemic of obesity"? Greg Critser engages every aspect of American life - class, politics, culture, and economics - to show how we have made ourselves the second fattest people on the planet (after South Sea Islanders).
Mariner Books (January 5, 2004)
Product Dimensions: 8 x 5.5 x 0.8 inches
Paperback: 256 pages | About the Book:
Fat Land highlights the groundbreaking research that implicates cheap fats and sugars as the alarming new metabolic factor making our calories stick and shows how and why children are too often the chief metabolic victims of such foods. No one else writing on fat America takes as hard a line as Critser on the institutionalized lies we've been telling ourselves about how much we can eat and how little we can exercise. His expose of the Los Angeles schools' opening of the nutritional floodgates in the lunchroom and his examination of the political and cultural forces that have set the bar on American fitness low and then lower, are both discerning reporting and impassioned wake-up calls. | Book Reviews:
Fat Land is everything a good piece of non-fiction should be: Thoroughly researched, tightly written, pointed yet compassionate and-here's the bonus-executed with a wonderful sense of humor. Even those not interested in America's fat epidemic will not be able to put this book down. As one friend observed, "You'll lose ten pounds just by reading it!"
I enjoyed Fat Land from beginning to end. It is a book jammed with outstanding journalism, wise and humorous asides, and compassion for those who suffer from obesity, one of the nation's top health problems. Too bad some people cannot separate their own thin skins from a fine account of an important health issue for us all. |
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